The resource linked below for ancient place names is from Chuck Jones @ AWOL
This led me on a quest for an easily accessible and equivalent resource for
the variant place names in modern Greece in which 19th C.Turkish names and
modern place names have been cross-referenced like this.
This can become a frustrating task I remember some years ago wandering
around the bus station in Larissa asking in vain how to get to a small
village nearby called "Omorphochorion" This was quite difficult since the
natives apparently still referred to by the old designation of "Nekhali"
(i was not sure of the correct spelling of this)
When found the bus "did" have Omorphochorion on the front! A search on
Google today under that name did not find it, either, though zooming in
through Google maps to where I KNOW it is located got me to "Omorfohori"
which led me to this site :
http://buk.gr/en/poli-perioxi/omorfochori
which, after referring to the administrative changes of the Kapodistrias
and Kallikratis projects, does state that " Its official name is still “to
Omorfochorion”.
<<<According to ongoing research being carried out at the Institute of
Neohellenic Research
<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Neohellenic_Research&action=edit&redlink=1>
in
Athens, between 1913 and 1996, the names of 4,413 settlements were legally
changed in Greece. In each case, the renamings were recorded in the
official Government Gazette
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efimeris_tis_Kyverniseos>. The regional
breakdown in renamings is: Macedonia
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)>: 1,805 renamings;
Peloponnese <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peloponnese>: 827 renamings; Central
Greece <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Greece>: 519 renamings;
Thessaly <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thessaly>: 487 renamings; Epirus
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epirus_(region)>: 454 renamings; Thrace
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Thrace>: 98 renamings;Crete
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crete>: 97 renamings; Aegean Islands
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_Islands>: 79 renamings; Ionian Islands
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionian_Islands>: 47 renamings.[12]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_name_changes_in_Greece#cite_note-12>
>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_name_changes_in_Greece
Drilling more deeply I finally did get to this site
http://pandektis.ekt.gr/pandektis/handle/10442/171864
which confirmed that the name I remembered was more or less correct.
June Samaras
Ancient Places in Today's Library: Pleiades URIs and MARC
<http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Awol-TheAncientWorldOnline/~3/5azvrIQeb-Q/ancient-places-in-todays-library.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email>
Posted: 24 Oct 2016 10:10 AM PDT
Ancient Places in Today's Library: Pleiades URIs and MARC
<http://isaw.nyu.edu/library/blog/MARC-Pleiades>
By Gabriel McKee <http://isaw.nyu.edu/search?SearchableText=Gabriel%20McKee>
10/24/2016
In September, the ISAW Library submitted a proposal to the Library of
Congress to add the Pleiades <http://pleiades.stoa.org/> gazetteer to its list
of authorized sources
<https://www.loc.gov/standards/sourcelist/subject.html> for subject heading
terms. That same month the proposal was accepted, and Pleiades was entered
into the official list and assigned an identifying code. With this code,
place names from Pleiades can now be entered into library catalog records.
Though this may seem like a somewhat arcane bit of technical news, it’s
actually a big step forward for both Pleiades and the role of libraries in
the Linked Open Data movement. The ability to use Pleiades names in subject
headings is useful for keyword searching, as it allows us to provide access
to both the ancient and modern names of some locations. Under the
cataloging rules used by American academic libraries, inhabited places are
cataloged using their modern names. For instance, the latest ISAW
publication, *Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of
<https://library.nyu.edu/persistent/lcn/nyu_aleph004494355?institution=NYU&persistent>
Smyrna
<https://library.nyu.edu/persistent/lcn/nyu_aleph004494355?institution=NYU&persistent>*,
is
assigned the LC geographic heading İzmir (Turkey)
<http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79042141>, the modern name of the
city. Since Pleiades is now a recognized source of authoritative name data,
we can now add to this book's record a geographic heading for the city’s
Pleaides heading, which records not only one ancient name, but three:
Naulochon/Smyrna/Palaia
Smyrna <https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771>.
But additional name access is not all that this change allows.
A recent change <https://www.loc.gov/marc/mac/2016/2016-dp18.html> to MARC
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARC_standards> (*MA*chine-*R*eadable
*C*ataloging)—the
standard format in which library catalog records are coded—allows for the
entry of uniform resource identifiers (URIs) in subject headings. URI
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier>s—unique
character strings used to identify a resource or thing—are one of the
foundational principles behind Linked Data. Though you may not have heard
of URIs, you probably use them every day—web URLs are a form of URI, and
due to their utility and ubiquity most URIs are now structured in HTTP
format and point to an online location. Though the names of places in
Pleiades are useful, it is the unchanging URIs that Pleiades associates
with those names and places that truly distinguish it as a 21st-century
linked data resource. By encoding the URI for Smyrna (
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771) in the metadata for a resource
about that place, we create a connection between the resource, the
conceptual place, and other resources that also connect to it. The Pleiades
page in turn contains references to additional resources about the place in
multiple periods. The metadata model known as the Resource Description
Framework (RDF) <https://www.w3.org/TR/PR-rdf-syntax/> describes individual
information resources—from books to websites to physical artifacts—in
three-part units of information (subject : predicate : object), called
triples, that connect URIs to one another *semantically*, representing each
resource as a part of web of interconnected information. Each portion of a
triple is represented by a URI. For example:
- The book *Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of
<https://library.nyu.edu/persistent/lcn/nyu_aleph004494355?institution=NYU&persistent>
Smyrna
<https://library.nyu.edu/persistent/lcn/nyu_aleph004494355?institution=NYU&persistent>*
(
subject:http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/951563286) is *about* (predicate:
http://bibframe.org/vocab/subject <http://bibframe.org/vocab/subject>)
the city *Smyrna* (object:
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771).
- *Smyrna* (subject:
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771) was a
*city*(predicate:
http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/rdf/v1.html#City) in
the Roman province of *Asia* (object:
https://pleiades.
stoa.org/errata/1001906)
- *Polycarp* (subject:
https://viaf.org/viaf/2475604/) was a *resident*
(predicate:http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2/placeOfResidence) of *Smyrna*
(object:
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771).
- In that place, *Polycarp* (subject:
https://viaf.org/viaf/2475604/)
had the *role*(predicate:
http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/rdf/v1.html#
natureOfAffiliation) of *bishop* (object:
http://dbpedia.org/ontology/
ChristianBishop).
- *Polycarp* (subject:
https://viaf.org/viaf/2475604/) was the* author
of*(predicate:
http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator) a *Letter to the
Philippians*(object:
http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1361823).
RDF uses the relationships, represented by the links used above, to link
resources to each other. A linked data library catalog or other database
would use these links to draw connections between related resources. In the
example above, a user would be able to easily navigate from *Graffiti from
the Basilica* to *Letter to the Philippians*, other works by Polycarp, and
other works concerning Smyrna. This would enhance the user's ability to
discover information, and could highlight unexpected connections between
different resources.
The use of URIs in library cataloging is relatively new, but has the power
to transform the usefulness of cataloging and cataloging metadata. The
Library of Congress is currently at work on the BIBFRAME (Bibliographic
Framework) Initiative <https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/>, an entirely new
framework for resource cataloging that is intended to replace MARC. Though
it is not likely to be implemented on a large scale for several years,
BIBFRAME is built entirely on linked data principles, and will rely on URIs
for connecting users to information. In preparation for this, the
controlled vocabularies used for subjects and names are beginning to shift
to a URI-based model.
The ISAW Library is ready to be an active agent in that conceptual shift.
Beginning this semester, we will be adding Pleiades headings and URIs to
many of our records for new materials. We are already beginning to think
about different uses for this metadata, including the creation of browsable
maps
<https://fusiontables.google.com/embedviz?q=select+col7+from+1ts3nBAhfpXhKBEZvas2pSiz6wMtW0wCZ_izTW9OB&viz=MAP&h=false&lat=35.8783623271287&lng=23.407301632507142&t=1&z=6&l=col7&y=2&tmplt=2&hml=TWO_COL_LAT_LNG>
of
our collection and the automatic updating of Pleiades pages with
information about new resources that link to them. And we will also work to
expand and enhance Pleiades itself, creating new Pleiades IDs for places
represented in our collection but not yet in the gazetteer, particularly in
Central Asia and Ancient China.
For more information about this project, please email Gabriel Mckee
<gm95(a)nyu.edu> or Patrick Burns <patrick.j.burns(a)nyu.edu>du>.
--
June Samaras
KALAMOS BOOKS
(For Books about Greece)
2020 Old Station Rd
Streetsville,Ontario
Canada L5M 2V1
Tel : 905-542-1877
E-mail : kalamosbooks(a)gmail.com
www.kalamosbooks.com
http://kalamosb.alibrisstore.com/
http://www.antiqbook.com/books/bookseller.phtml/kal